Bhagavad-gītā 1.28
Read once with your eyes. Read again aloud.
अर्जुन उवाच कृपया परयाऽऽविष्टो विषीदन्निदमब्रवीत्। दृष्ट्वेमं स्वजनं कृष्ण युयुत्सुं समुपस्थितम्।।1.28।।
arjuna uvācha dṛiṣhṭvemaṁ sva-janaṁ kṛiṣhṇa yuyutsuṁ samupasthitam
And his heart melted with pity, and sadly he spoke: "O my Lord! When I see all these, my own people, thirsting for battle,
English rendering by Shri Purohit Swami. Each source voice remains named.
Build the sentence from its parts
Read across once, then cover the meanings and recover them from the Sanskrit forms.
| Sanskrit form | Meaning here |
|---|---|
| arjunaḥ uvācha | Arjun said |
| dṛiṣhṭvā | on seeing |
| imam | these |
| sva-janam | kinsmen |
| kṛiṣhṇa | Krishna |
| yuyutsum | eager to fight |
| samupasthitam | present |
Arjuna said, "O Krishna, seeing my kinsmen arrayed here, eager to fight,
Attributed explanatory witness: Swami Sivananda. Chapter lens: Map the battlefield, speakers, relationships and Arjuna’s reasons before reading later answers backward into the crisis.
Three named reading witnesses
Śaṅkara edition witness
Swami GambiranandaArjuna said, "O Krsna, seeing these relatives and friends who have assembled here with the intention of fighting, my limbs become languid and my mouth becomes completely dry."
Rāmānuja edition witness
Swami AdidevanandaHe was filled with deep compassion and said these words in despair:
Sivananda commentary witness
Swami SivanandaArjuna said, "O Krishna, seeing my kinsmen arrayed here, eager to fight,
These are concise, attributed reading witnesses from identified editions. They are presented for comparison and are not merged into one anonymous interpretation.
Meaning map
Follow the thought
- 1
And his heart melted with pity
- 2
sadly he spoke
- 3
"O my Lord! When I see all these, my own people, thirsting for battle,
Look, link, cover, teach
Look
Picture the battlefield.
Link
Use the line starts: arjuna uvācha / dṛiṣhṭvemaṁ sva-janaṁ.
Cover
Hide the verse and rebuild one line at a time.
Teach
Explain the flow to another person without looking.
Turn this reading into a study record
Save it, return from memory, and write one idea in your own words. Your record stays in this browser unless you export it.