Bhagavad-gītā 11.39
Read once with your eyes. Read again aloud.
वायुर्यमोऽग्निर्वरुणः शशाङ्कः प्रजापतिस्त्वं प्रपितामहश्च। नमो नमस्तेऽस्तु सहस्रकृत्वः पुनश्च भूयोऽपि नमो नमस्ते।।11.39।।
vāyur yamo ’gnir varuṇaḥ śhaśhāṅkaḥ prajāpatis tvaṁ prapitāmahaśh cha namo namas te ’stu sahasra-kṛitvaḥ punaśh cha bhūyo ’pi namo namas te
Thou art Vâyu, Yama, Agni, Varuna, the Moon, Prajâpati, and the Great-Grandfather. Salutation, salutation to Thee, a thousand times, and again and again salutation, salutation to Thee!
English rendering by Swami Swarupananda. Public domain first edition, 1909.
Build the sentence from its parts
Read across once, then cover the meanings and recover them from the Sanskrit forms.
| Sanskrit form | Meaning here |
|---|---|
| vāyuḥ | the god of wind |
| yamaḥ | the god of death |
| agniḥ | the god of fire |
| varuṇaḥ | the god of water |
| śhaśha-aṅkaḥ | the moon-God |
| prajāpatiḥ | Brahma |
| tvam | you |
| prapitāmahaḥ | the great-grandfather |
| cha | and |
| namaḥ | my salutations |
| namaḥ | my salutations |
| te | unto you |
| astu | let there be |
| sahasra-kṛitvaḥ | a thousand times |
| punaḥ cha | and again |
| bhūyaḥ | again |
| api | also |
| namaḥ | (offering) my salutations |
| namaḥ te | offering my salutations unto you |
Use the word map to follow the relation among vāyuḥ (the god of wind), namaḥ (my salutations), and namaḥ te (offering my salutations unto you). Ask what changes between the first and last term, and how that movement contributes to the universal form and personal refuge. State the connection in your own words, then check it against Bhagavad-gita 11.39.
Original school explanation. Written independently from the Sanskrit word map. It is not a quotation, translation, or summary of a named modern commentary. Chapter lens: Sequence request, granted sight, description, response, revelation, fear, apology and return to the familiar form.
Five careful reading routes
The cards below are reading references, not claims about what an acharya says in this verse. Modern wording stays inside authorized editions. Classical commentary will appear only after an independent translation has passed scholarly and rights review.
Meaning map
Follow the thought
- 1
Thou art Vâyu, Yama, Agni, Varuna, the Moon, Prajâpati
- 2
the Great-Grandfather
- 3
Salutation, salutation to Thee, a thousand times
Look, link, cover, teach
Look
Picture the universal form.
Link
Use the line starts: vāyur yamo / prajāpatis tvaṁ / namo namas / punaśh cha.
Cover
Hide the verse and rebuild one line at a time.
Teach
Explain the flow to another person without looking.
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A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada
Bhagavad-gita As It IsFor Bhagavad-gita 11.39, consult the authorized BBT edition. No purport, translation, or author-attributed summary is reproduced here.
Find the authorized editionBhaktivinoda Thakura
Rasika-ranjanaA verified independent rendering for Bhagavad-gita 11.39 has not yet passed scholarly and rights review. Modern translations are not copied here.
Independent rendering pending reviewBaladeva Vidyabhushana
Gita-bhushana-bhashyaThe original work is classical. A newly commissioned or independently prepared translation for Bhagavad-gita 11.39 must be verified before publication.
Independent translation pending reviewVishvanatha Cakravarti Thakura
Sarartha-varshini-tikaThe original work is classical. A newly commissioned or independently prepared translation for Bhagavad-gita 11.39 must be verified before publication.
Independent translation pending reviewOther Gaudiya acharyas
Authorized Gaudiya editionsFor Bhagavad-gita 11.39, later teachers remain a further-reading route. Their wording and distinctive teaching structures require permission or a separate rights review.
Use an authorized edition