Bhagavad-gītā 2.1
Read once with your eyes. Read again aloud.
सञ्जय उवाच तं तथा कृपयाऽविष्टमश्रुपूर्णाकुलेक्षणम्। विषीदन्तमिदं वाक्यमुवाच मधुसूदनः।।2.1।।
sañjaya uvācha taṁ tathā kṛipayāviṣhṭamaśhru pūrṇākulekṣhaṇam viṣhīdantamidaṁ vākyam uvācha madhusūdanaḥ
To him who was thus overwhelmed with pity and sorrowing, and whose eyes were dimmed with tears, Madhusudana spoke these words:
English rendering by Swami Swarupananda. Public domain first edition, 1909.
Build the sentence from its parts
Read across once, then cover the meanings and recover them from the Sanskrit forms.
| Sanskrit form | Meaning here |
|---|---|
| sañjayaḥ uvācha | Sanjay said |
| tam | to him (Arjun) |
| tathā | thus |
| kṛipayā | with pity |
| āviṣhṭam | overwhelmed |
| aśhru-pūrṇa | full of tears |
| ākula | distressed |
| īkṣhaṇam | eyes |
| viṣhīdantam | grief-stricken |
| idam | these |
| vākyam | words |
| uvācha | said |
| madhusūdanaḥ | Shree Krishn, slayer of the Madhu demon |
Keep the verse in view while connecting sañjayaḥ uvācha (Sanjay said), ākula (distressed), and madhusūdanaḥ (Shree Krishn, slayer of the Madhu demon). Ask what changes between the first and last term, and how that movement contributes to the enduring self and steady wisdom. State the connection in your own words, then check it against Bhagavad-gita 2.1.
Original school explanation. Written independently from the Sanskrit word map. It is not a quotation, translation, or summary of a named modern commentary. Chapter lens: Trace the movement from grief through self, duty, disciplined action and the description of steady intelligence.
Five careful reading routes
The cards below are reading references, not claims about what an acharya says in this verse. Modern wording stays inside authorized editions. Classical commentary will appear only after an independent translation has passed scholarly and rights review.
Meaning map
Follow the thought
- 1
To him who was thus overwhelmed with pity and sorrowing
- 2
whose eyes were dimmed with tears, Madhusudana spoke these words
- 3
sañjayaḥ uvācha: Sanjay said
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A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada
Bhagavad-gita As It IsFor Bhagavad-gita 2.1, consult the authorized BBT edition. No purport, translation, or author-attributed summary is reproduced here.
Find the authorized editionBhaktivinoda Thakura
Rasika-ranjanaA verified independent rendering for Bhagavad-gita 2.1 has not yet passed scholarly and rights review. Modern translations are not copied here.
Independent rendering pending reviewBaladeva Vidyabhushana
Gita-bhushana-bhashyaThe original work is classical. A newly commissioned or independently prepared translation for Bhagavad-gita 2.1 must be verified before publication.
Independent translation pending reviewVishvanatha Cakravarti Thakura
Sarartha-varshini-tikaThe original work is classical. A newly commissioned or independently prepared translation for Bhagavad-gita 2.1 must be verified before publication.
Independent translation pending reviewOther Gaudiya acharyas
Authorized Gaudiya editionsFor Bhagavad-gita 2.1, later teachers remain a further-reading route. Their wording and distinctive teaching structures require permission or a separate rights review.
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