Complete learning edition. The Sanskrit source remains separate from attributed word meanings, translation, explanation and commentary witnesses. Diagrams and memory aids are study tools, not replacements for the source text.
रुद्रादित्या वसवो ये च साध्या विश्वेऽश्िवनौ मरुतश्चोष्मपाश्च। गन्धर्वयक्षासुरसिद्धसङ्घा वीक्षन्ते त्वां विस्मिताश्चैव सर्वे।।11.22।।
rudrādityā vasavo ye cha sādhyā viśhve ’śhvinau marutaśh choṣhmapāśh cha gandharva-yakṣhāsura-siddha-saṅghā vīkṣhante tvāṁ vismitāśh chaiva sarve
The vital forces, major stars, fire, earth, air, sky, sun, heaven, moon, and planets; the angels, guardians of the universe, divine healers, winds, fathers, heavenly singers, and hosts of mammon-worshippers, demons, and saints are all amazed.
English rendering by Shri Purohit Swami. Each source voice remains named.
Build the sentence from its parts
Read across once, then cover the meanings and recover them from the Sanskrit forms.
| Sanskrit form | Meaning here |
|---|---|
| rudra | a form of Lord Shiv |
| ādityāḥ | the Adityas |
| vasavaḥ | the Vasus |
| ye | these |
| cha | and |
| sādhyāḥ | the Sadhyas |
| viśhve | the Vishvadevas |
| aśhvinau | the Ashvini kumars |
| marutaḥ | the Maruts |
| cha | and |
| uṣhma-pāḥ | the ancestors |
| cha | and |
| gandharva | Gandharvas |
| yakṣha | the Yakshas |
| asura | the demons |
| siddha | the perfected beings |
| saṅghāḥ | the assemblies |
| vīkṣhante | are beholding |
| tvām | you |
| vismitāḥ | in wonder |
| cha | and |
| eva | verily |
| sarve | all |
Sadhyas are a class of gods of whom Brahma is the chief. Visvedevas are ten gods who in Vedic times were considered as protectors of human beings.
Attributed explanatory witness: Swami Sivananda. Chapter lens: Sequence request, granted sight, description, response, revelation, fear, apology and return to the familiar form.
Three named reading witnesses
Śaṅkara edition witness
Swami GambiranandaThose who are the Rudras, the Adityas, the Vasus, and the Sadhyas, the Visvedevas, the two Asvins, the Maruts, and the Usmapas, and hosts of Gandharvas, Yaksas, demons, and Siddhas:all of those very ones gaze at You, being indeed struck with wonder.
Rāmānuja edition witness
Swami AdidevanandaThe Rudras, the Adityas, the Vasus, the Sadhyas, the Visvas, the Asvins, the Maruts, and the Manes, as well as the hosts of Gandharvas, Yaksas, Asuras, and Siddhas:all gaze upon You in amazement.
Sivananda commentary witness
Swami SivanandaSadhyas are a class of gods of whom Brahma is the chief. Visvedevas are ten gods who in Vedic times were considered as protectors of human beings.
These are concise, attributed reading witnesses from identified editions. They are presented for comparison and are not merged into one anonymous interpretation.
Meaning map
Follow the thought
- 1
The vital forces, major stars, fire, earth, air, sky, sun, heaven, moon
- 2
the angels, guardians of the universe, divine healers, winds, fathers, heavenly singers
- 3
hosts of mammon-worshippers, demons
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Sequence request, granted sight, description, response, revelation, fear, apology and return to the familiar form.
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Three questions for this verse
- 1
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- 2
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- 3
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