Complete learning edition. The Sanskrit source remains separate from attributed word meanings, translation, explanation and commentary witnesses. Diagrams and memory aids are study tools, not replacements for the source text.
एतां दृष्टिमवष्टभ्य नष्टात्मानोऽल्पबुद्धयः।प्रभवन्त्युग्रकर्माणः क्षयाय जगतोऽहिताः।।16.9।।
etāṁ dṛiṣhṭim avaṣhṭabhya naṣhṭātmāno ’lpa-buddhayaḥ prabhavanty ugra-karmāṇaḥ kṣhayāya jagato ’hitāḥ
Thinking thus, these degraded souls, these enemies of mankind:whose intelligence is negligible and whose deeds are monstrous:come into the world only to destroy.
English rendering by Shri Purohit Swami. Each source voice remains named.
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Read across once, then cover the meanings and recover them from the Sanskrit forms.
| Sanskrit form | Meaning here |
|---|---|
| etām | such |
| dṛiṣhṭim | views |
| avaṣhṭabhya | holding |
| naṣhṭa | misdirected |
| ātmānaḥ | souls |
| alpa-buddhayaḥ | of small intellect |
| prabhavanti | arise |
| ugra | cruel |
| karmāṇaḥ | actions |
| kṣhayāya | destruction |
| jagataḥ | of the world |
| ahitāḥ | enemies |
They acire wealth by destroying others. Nashtatmanah Ruined souls They have lost all chances of attaining Selfrealisation or going to the higher world.
Attributed explanatory witness: Swami Sivananda. Chapter lens: Compare divine and destructive dispositions, their actions and consequences without converting the lists into weapons for judging others.
Three named reading witnesses
Śaṅkara edition witness
Swami GambiranandaHolding onto this view, those of depraved character, poor intellect, and given to fearful and harmful actions, wax strong and bring ruin to the world.
Rāmānuja edition witness
Swami AdidevanandaHolding this view, these men of lost souls and feeble understanding do cruel deeds, leading to the destruction of the world.
Sivananda commentary witness
Swami SivanandaThey acire wealth by destroying others. Nashtatmanah Ruined souls They have lost all chances of attaining Selfrealisation or going to the higher world.
These are concise, attributed reading witnesses from identified editions. They are presented for comparison and are not merged into one anonymous interpretation.
Meaning map
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- 1
Thinking thus, these degraded souls, these enemies of mankind
- 2
whose intelligence is negligible and whose deeds are monstrous
- 3
come into the world only to destroy
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Build meaning without hiding the work
Compare divine and destructive dispositions, their actions and consequences without converting the lists into weapons for judging others.
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Three questions for this verse
- 1
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- 2
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- 3
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