Complete learning edition. The Sanskrit source remains separate from attributed word meanings, translation, explanation and commentary witnesses. Diagrams and memory aids are study tools, not replacements for the source text.
यत्तु कृत्स्नवदेकस्मिन्कार्ये सक्तमहैतुकम्।अतत्त्वार्थवदल्पं च तत्तामसमुदाहृतम्।।18.22।।
yat tu kṛitsna-vad ekasmin kārye saktam ahaitukam atattvārtha-vad alpaṁ cha tat tāmasam udāhṛitam
But that which clings blindly to one idea as if it were all, without logic, truth, or insight, has its origin in darkness.
English rendering by Shri Purohit Swami. Each source voice remains named.
Build the sentence from its parts
Read across once, then cover the meanings and recover them from the Sanskrit forms.
| Sanskrit form | Meaning here |
|---|---|
| yat | which |
| tu | but |
| kṛitsna-vat | as if it encompasses the whole |
| ekasmin | in single |
| kārye | action |
| saktam | engrossed |
| ahaitukam | without a reason |
| atattva-artha-vat | not based on truth |
| alpam | fragmental |
| cha | and |
| tat | that |
| tāmasam | in the mode of ignorance |
| udāhṛitam | is said to be |
The knowledge which regards that each and every object or being exists by itself and is perfect by itself, is Tamasic. One single effect Such as the body, thinking it to be the Self, or an idol, taking it for God, and thinking that there is nothing higher than that.
Attributed explanatory witness: Swami Sivananda. Chapter lens: Follow the great recapitulation through renunciation, action, knowledge, duty, devotion, refuge and Sañjaya’s conclusion.
Three named reading witnesses
Śaṅkara edition witness
Swami GambiranandaBut that (knowledge) is said to be born of tamas which is confined to one form as if it were all, which is irrational, unconcerned with truth, and trivial.
Rāmānuja edition witness
Swami AdidevanandaBut that knowledge is declared to be Tamasika which clings to one single act as if it were the whole, which is not based on reason, and which is false and insignificant.
Sivananda commentary witness
Swami SivanandaThe knowledge which regards that each and every object or being exists by itself and is perfect by itself, is Tamasic. One single effect Such as the body, thinking it to be the Self, or an idol, taking it for God, and thinking that there is nothing higher than that.
These are concise, attributed reading witnesses from identified editions. They are presented for comparison and are not merged into one anonymous interpretation.
Meaning map
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- 1
But that which clings blindly to one idea as if it were all, without logic, truth, or insight, has its origin in darkness
- 2
yat: which
- 3
ahaitukam: without a reason
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Follow the great recapitulation through renunciation, action, knowledge, duty, devotion, refuge and Sañjaya’s conclusion.
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