Complete learning edition. The Sanskrit source remains separate from attributed word meanings, translation, explanation and commentary witnesses. Diagrams and memory aids are study tools, not replacements for the source text.
सुखं त्विदानीं त्रिविधं श्रृणु मे भरतर्षभ।अभ्यासाद्रमते यत्र दुःखान्तं च निगच्छति।।18.36।।
sukhaṁ tv idānīṁ tri-vidhaṁ śhṛiṇu me bharatarṣhabha abhyāsād ramate yatra duḥkhāntaṁ cha nigachchhati yat tad agre viṣham iva pariṇāme ‘mṛitopamam tat sukhaṁ sāttvikaṁ proktam ātma-buddhi-prasāda-jam
Hear further the three kinds of pleasure. That which increases day by day delivers one from misery.
English rendering by Shri Purohit Swami. Each source voice remains named.
Build the sentence from its parts
Read across once, then cover the meanings and recover them from the Sanskrit forms.
| Sanskrit form | Meaning here |
|---|---|
| sukham | happiness |
| tu | but |
| idānīm | now |
| tri-vidham | of three kinds |
| śhṛiṇu | hear |
| me | from me |
| bharata-ṛiṣhabha | Arjun, the best of the Bharatas |
| abhyāsāt | by practice |
| ramate | rejoices |
| yatra | in which |
| duḥkha-antam | end of all suffering |
| cha | and |
| nigachchhati | reaches yat:which |
| tat | that |
| agre | at first |
| viṣham iva | like poison |
| pariṇāme | in the end |
| amṛita-upamam | like nectar |
| tat | that |
| sukham | happiness |
| sāttvikam | in the mode of goodness |
| proktam | is said to be |
| ātma-buddhi | situated in self-knowledge |
| prasāda-jam | generated by the pure intellect |
A little of this pleasure experienced by the Self must result in the cessation of pain. This pleasure is threefold in its nature and I will describe its aspects in turn, O Arjuna.
Attributed explanatory witness: Swami Sivananda. Chapter lens: Follow the great recapitulation through renunciation, action, knowledge, duty, devotion, refuge and Sañjaya’s conclusion.
Three named reading witnesses
Śaṅkara edition witness
Swami GambiranandaNow hear from Me, O scion of the Bharata dynasty, as regards the three kinds of joy: That in which one delights due to habit, and certainly attains the cessation of sorrows; [S. and S.S. take the second line of this verse along with the next verse referring to sattvika happiness.-Tr.]
Rāmānuja edition witness
Swami AdidevanandaNow hear from Me, O Arjuna, the threefold division of pleasure৷৷ that in which one rejoices through long practice and in which one comes to the end of pain.
Sivananda commentary witness
Swami SivanandaA little of this pleasure experienced by the Self must result in the cessation of pain. This pleasure is threefold in its nature and I will describe its aspects in turn, O Arjuna.
These are concise, attributed reading witnesses from identified editions. They are presented for comparison and are not merged into one anonymous interpretation.
Meaning map
Follow the thought
- 1
Hear further the three kinds of pleasure
- 2
That which increases day by day delivers one from misery
- 3
sukham: happiness
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Follow the great recapitulation through renunciation, action, knowledge, duty, devotion, refuge and Sañjaya’s conclusion.
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- 1
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- 2
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- 3
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